In moderate frontal collisions in the bumper reinforcement area, the impact is dissipated to the front side frames and front suspension elements.
Pic. 8.4. Body deformation zones: 1 – collision energy; 2 - front bumper amplifier; 3 – front side frame; 4 - front cross member; 5 - caisson; 6 - side longitudinal beam; 7 - front V-shaped frame
If the collision occurs close to the passenger compartment, the impact energy is dissipated by the side rails and front B-frames through the box, reducing the impact on the passenger compartment (pic. 8.4).